Insects on Ice 🪰 🧊

<Films>

Mijeŭi segyunmanhaeng [U.S. Germ Warfare in Korea]. Pyongyang: Korean National Motion Picture Studio, 1952. 👇

The film segment on U.S. germ warfare in Korea is accompanied by Johann Sebastian Bach’s Orchestral Suite No. 2 in B Minor, BWV 1067: IV. Bourrées I & II 👇

The film segment on U.S. germ warfare in Korea is accompanied by Johannes Brahms’s Symphony No. 3 in F Major, Op. 90: I. Allegro con brio 👇

The film segment on U.S. germ warfare in Korea is accompanied by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart’s Symphony No. 40 in G minor, K. 550, I. Movement, Molto allegro 👇

The film segment on U.S. germ warfare in Korea is accompanied by Franz Schubert’s Symphony No. 9 in C major, D. 944, I. Andante 👇

Pihyŏnggi sanyakkunjo [Aircraft Hunting Unit]. Pyongyang: Korean National Motion Picture Studio, 1953 👇

<Literatures>

<Germ Warfare Posters in the Documentary Film the U.S. Germ Warfare in Korea>

<The Report of the International Scientific Commission in 1952>

International Scientific Commission. Report of the International Scientific Commission for the Investigation of the Facts Concerning Bacterial Warfare in Korea and China. Peking, 1952. 👇

<Hungarian Report in 1952>

Méray, Tibor. Korean Testimony. Budapest: Hungarian Peace Council and the Institute for Cultural Relations, 1952. 👇

<Government Publications>

(Right) Zhongguo Renmin Jiefangjun Zonghouqinbu Weishengbu. Kang Mei Yuan Chao Zhanzheng Weisheng Gongzuo Zongjie: Yezhan Neike Weisheng Fangyi [Summary of Health Work in the War to Resist America and Aid Korea: Field Internal Medicine, Health, and Epidemic Prevention]. Beijing: Renminjunyi Chubanshe, 1987.

(Left) Sŏ, Ch’ang-hwan. Kwahak-Esŏ-Ŭi Tu Segye [Two Worlds in Science]. Pyongyang: Foreign Languages Publishing House [Kungnip Tosŏ Ch’ulp’ansa], 1953.

<Term Frequency>

<Raw Data>

The raw data in CSV format includes the term frequencies of “biological warfare” and “germ warfare” (生物戰 and 細菌戰) from Google Ngram, covering the period 1800–2022 in both Anglophone and Sinophone large corpora. 👇